Radio Frequency (RF) Surveys

RF scans are made by using a pipe and cable locating instrument that has both a transmitter and receiver. The transmitter can be used to send electromagnetic waves of known frequencies along buried metallic conduits housing utilities, or through the utilities themselves. The receiver is used to trace the signal (audibly and/or graphically) and indicate the direction of travel, in some cases, the depth of the utility below the surface. Receivers can also be used in stand-alone mode (without transmitter) to detect frequencies in the range of 60Hz, often emitted by active electrical services in the United States. In addition, some RF/EM instruments can detect frequencies emitted by gas and water services. These utilities absorb and radiate VLF radio waves. Both technologies, GPR and RF compliment one another to provide the most useful data set necessary for the locating, tracing and characterization of subsurface anomalies.

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